{"id":1447,"date":"2026-11-05T15:26:27","date_gmt":"2026-11-05T14:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asinorge.no\/?page_id=1447"},"modified":"2026-11-06T11:49:47","modified_gmt":"2026-11-06T10:49:47","slug":"ofte-stilte-sporsmal-legionella","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/asinorge.no\/en\/ofte-stilte-sporsmal-legionella\/","title":{"rendered":"OFTE STILTE SP\u00d8RSM\u00c5L &#8211; LEGIONELLA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull wp-elements-1\" style=\"min-height:962px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-ast-global-color-6-background-color has-background-dim-100 has-background-dim\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-cover-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-2b4bcd2f\"><h4 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">OFTE STILTE SP\u00d8RSM\u00c5L<\/h4><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-2818aefa\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>LEGIONELLA<\/strong><\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/asinorge.no\/en\/ofte-stilte-sporsmal\/\"><i class=\"fas fa-arrow-left-long\"><\/i> Tilbake<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:67px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Hva er Legionella?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Legionella er en bakterie som forekommer naturlig i milj\u00f8et og finnes i lave konsentrasjoner i jord, innsj\u00f8er, elver og annet overflatevann. Under normale forhold utgj\u00f8r bakterien liten risiko, men den kan formere seg i menneskeskapte vannsystemer dersom forholdene ligger til rette for vekst.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Legionellabakterier trives spesielt godt i stillest\u00e5ende vann med temperaturer mellom 20 og 50 \u00b0C. Bakterien vokser gjerne i biofilm, som er et belegg p\u00e5 innsiden av r\u00f8r og vanninstallasjoner. Her lever den sammen med andre mikroorganismer som am\u00f8ber, alger og bakterier, noe som gir gode vekstvilk\u00e5r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Risikoen for smitte oppst\u00e5r n\u00e5r vann som inneholder Legionella spres som sm\u00e5 vanndr\u00e5per (aerosoler) som kan pustes inn. Derfor er enkelte vanninstallasjoner spesielt utsatt dersom de ikke vedlikeholdes og kontrolleres regelmessig.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\">Typiske risikoinstallasjoner er:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Dusjanlegg<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Varmtvannssystemer og varmtvannstanker<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Kj\u00f8let\u00e5rn<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Boblebad og spa-anlegg<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Fontener<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13\" style=\"font-size:17px\">Ventilasjons- og luftfuktingsanlegg<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Regelmessig pr\u00f8vetaking og kontroll av vannsystemer er viktig for \u00e5 avdekke eventuell forekomst av Legionella og redusere smitterisikoen. Gjennom riktig drift, temperaturkontroll og vedlikehold kan risikoen for oppvekst av bakterien holdes p\u00e5 et minimum.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Hvor ofte m\u00e5 man ta pr\u00f8ver?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Hvor ofte det b\u00f8r tas legionellapr\u00f8ver avhenger av type anlegg, risikovurdering og tidligere analyseresultater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-17 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">For nye overv\u00e5kingsprogrammer anbefales det ofte \u00e5 gjennomf\u00f8re <strong>m\u00e5nedlig pr\u00f8vetaking det f\u00f8rste \u00e5ret<\/strong>. Dette gir et godt grunnlag for \u00e5 kartlegge variasjoner i anlegget og vurdere risikoen for oppvekst av Legionella.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Etter innledende kartlegging kan pr\u00f8vetakingsfrekvensen justeres basert p\u00e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Tidligere analyseresultater<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Type vannsystem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Temperaturforhold<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Risikovurdering av anlegget<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Brukergrupper og eksponering<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ved p\u00e5visning av Legionella eller endringer i vannsystemet kan det v\u00e6re n\u00f8dvendig med hyppigere pr\u00f8vetaking og oppf\u00f8lging.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Det anbefales ogs\u00e5 \u00e5 gjennomf\u00f8re en regelmessig vurdering av anleggets driftsforhold og risiko for legionellavekst. God temperaturkontroll, vedlikehold og dokumentasjon er viktige tiltak for \u00e5 redusere smitterisikoen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Hvordan ta en legionellapr\u00f8ve?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kj\u00f8let\u00e5rn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">For \u00e5 oppn\u00e5 et representativt resultat b\u00f8r vannpr\u00f8ver fra kj\u00f8let\u00e5rn tas mens anlegget er i drift. Da tas pr\u00f8ven fra vannet i toppen av kj\u00f8let\u00e5rnet. Dersom kj\u00f8let\u00e5rnet ikke er i drift, kan pr\u00f8ven tas fra bassenget eller sumpen i bunnen av anlegget. Unng\u00e5 omr\u00e5der med synlig slam eller sediment<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>Slik tar du pr\u00f8ven:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Fyll flasken med vann, skru korken godt igjen umiddelbart etter pr\u00f8vetaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Benytt sterile pr\u00f8veflasker tilsatt thiosulfat (r\u00f8d kork) for \u00e5 n\u00f8ytralisere eventuelle klorrester i vannet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ikke skyll pr\u00f8veflasken f\u00f8r pr\u00f8vetaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Unng\u00e5 \u00e5 ber\u00f8re innsiden av korken eller flaskemunningen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dusjanlegg<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>Slik tar du pr\u00f8ven:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Vannet skal <strong>ikke renne f\u00f8r pr\u00f8vetaking<\/strong> dersom det skal tas en pre-flush-pr\u00f8ve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Still termostaten p\u00e5 h\u00f8yeste temperatur slik at pr\u00f8ven tas av varmtvannet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Fyll den sterile pr\u00f8veflasken direkte med varmtvann.<br>Unng\u00e5 \u00e5 ber\u00f8re innsiden av korken eller flasken under pr\u00f8vetaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Merk flasken med pr\u00f8venavn, pr\u00f8vested og tidspunkt for pr\u00f8vetaking.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Pr\u00f8vene b\u00f8r oppbevares kj\u00f8lig ved <strong>2-8 \u00b0C<\/strong>, for eksempel i kj\u00f8leskap eller kj\u00f8lebag med kj\u00f8leelementer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Pr\u00f8vene skal sendes eller leveres til laboratoriet <strong>samme dag<\/strong> som pr\u00f8vetakingen utf\u00f8res.<br><br>Tiden fra pr\u00f8vetaking til analyse b\u00f8r v\u00e6re s\u00e5 kort som mulig og m\u00e5 ikke overstige <strong>48 timer<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Varmtvannsbereder<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Varmtvannsberedere kan v\u00e6re en viktig kilde til oppvekst av Legionella dersom temperaturen i vannet er for lav over tid. I bunnen av berederen vil det gradvis samle seg slam og sedimenter som kan gi gode vekstforhold for bakterier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">For \u00e5 f\u00e5 en representativ pr\u00f8ve b\u00f8r vannet tas fra bunnen av berederen, slik at eventuelle bakterier i slamlaget ogs\u00e5 fanges opp. Pr\u00f8ven tas normalt fra berederens tappeventil. Sikkerhetsventilen b\u00f8r ikke benyttes til regelmessig pr\u00f8vetaking, da dette kan p\u00e5virke ventilens funksjon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>Slik tar du pr\u00f8ven<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ta pr\u00f8ven fra tappeventilen n\u00e6r bunnen av berederen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Fyll pr\u00f8veflasken direkte uten \u00e5 la vannet renne p\u00e5 forh\u00e5nd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Fors\u00f8k \u00e5 f\u00e5 med noe slamholdig vann fra bunnen av tanken.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">M\u00e5l og noter vanntemperaturen ved pr\u00f8vetaking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Unng\u00e5 \u00e5 ber\u00f8re innsiden av flasken eller korken<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>B\u00f8r det analyseres for andre parametere enn legionella?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ja. Ved legionellakontroll anbefales det ofte \u00e5 analysere <strong>kimtall ved 36 \u00b0C<\/strong> samtidig med Legionella. Kimtallet gir ikke informasjon om Legionella er til stede eller ikke, men fungerer som en generell indikator p\u00e5 den hygieniske tilstanden i vannsystemet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Forh\u00f8yede kimtall kan tyde p\u00e5 \u00f8kt biologisk aktivitet, biofilmdannelse eller andre forhold som kan gi gode vekstbetingelser for Legionella. Resultatene kan derfor v\u00e6re nyttige ved vurdering av drift, vedlikehold og behov for tiltak i anlegget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ved \u00e5 kombinere analyser av Legionella og kimtall f\u00e5r man et bedre grunnlag for \u00e5 vurdere vannkvaliteten og identifisere potensielle risikoomr\u00e5der i vannsystemet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Folkehelseinstituttets veileder anbefaler at kimtall 36 \u00b0C analyseres samtidig med Legionella ved overv\u00e5king og kartlegging av vannsystemer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Hvordan tolke analyseresultatene (PCR)?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ved analyse av Legionella er ikke alle funn like risikofylte. Ulike arter og serogrupper har ulik betydning for smitterisiko og oppf\u00f8lgingstiltak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60\"><strong>\ud83d\udd34 Legionella pneumophila serogruppe 1 (SG1)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">P\u00e5visning av <strong>L. pneumophila SG1<\/strong> krever h\u00f8yest oppmerksomhet. Dette er den serogruppen som oftest forbindes med legion\u00e6rsykdom hos mennesker og som er ansvarlig for de fleste rapporterte tilfeller av legionellose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62\"><strong>\ud83d\udfe0 Legionella pneumophila (andre serogrupper)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">P\u00e5visning av <strong>L. pneumophila<\/strong> serogruppe 2-15 b\u00f8r ogs\u00e5 tas alvorlig. Selv om disse serogruppene er mindre hyppig assosiert med sykdom enn SG1, kan de fortsatt utgj\u00f8re en helserisiko og indikere at forholdene i vannsystemet legger til rette for vekst av Legionella.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-64\"><strong>\ud83d\udfe1 Andre Legionella-arter (Legionella spp.)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">P\u00e5visning av andre <strong>Legionella-arter<\/strong> inneb\u00e6rer normalt lavere risiko enn funn av L. pneumophila, men b\u00f8r likevel f\u00f8lges opp. Funnet viser at det finnes forhold i anlegget som kan st\u00f8tte vekst av legionellabakterier, som biofilm, temperaturavvik eller omr\u00e5der med stillest\u00e5ende vann.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Legionella PCR vs Legionella dyrking<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">PCR og dyrkning er to ulike analysemetoder for p\u00e5visning av Legionella. Metodene bygger p\u00e5 forskjellige prinsipper, og resultatene kan derfor ikke sammenlignes direkte. Valg av metode b\u00f8r vurderes ut fra form\u00e5let med unders\u00f8kelsen og eventuelle krav i virksomhetens pr\u00f8vetakingsprogram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"font-size:15px\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>Egenskap<\/th><th>PCR (med Free DNA Remover)<\/th><th>Dyrkning<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><strong>Analysetid<\/strong><\/th><td>Fra ca. 3 timer til 1 d\u00f8gn<\/td><td>Ca. 10 dager<\/td><\/tr><tr><th><strong>Analyseprinsipp<\/strong><\/th><td>P\u00e5viser Legionella-DNA<\/td><td>P\u00e5viser dyrkbare legionellabakterier<\/td><\/tr><tr><th><strong>Resultatenhet<\/strong><\/th><td>P\u00e5vist \/ ikkje p\u00e5vist pr 100ml<\/td><td>CFU\/L (kolonidannende enheter)<\/td><\/tr><tr><th><strong>Bruksomr\u00e5de<\/strong><\/th><td>Kartlegging, overv\u00e5king og oppf\u00f8lging<\/td><td>Kartlegging, overv\u00e5king og oppf\u00f8lging<\/td><\/tr><tr><th><strong>F\u00f8lsomhet<\/strong><\/th><td>H\u00f8y<\/td><td>Lavere enn PCR<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Hva gj\u00f8r jeg dersom legionella p\u00e5vises?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">P\u00e5visning av Legionella betyr ikke n\u00f8dvendigvis at det foreligger en akutt helserisiko, men funnet b\u00f8r alltid f\u00f8lges opp med en risikovurdering og eventuelle korrigerende tiltak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Norske myndigheter anbefaler at analyseresultater vurderes som en del av den samlede risikovurderingen av anlegget, og ikke isolert. Ved vurderingen b\u00f8r man blant annet se p\u00e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Hvor pr\u00f8ven er tatt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Om anlegget betjener s\u00e5rbare brukergrupper, for eksempel sykehus, sykehjem eller helseinstitusjoner.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Vanntemperaturer i systemet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Forekomst av biofilm, slam eller avleiringer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Om det finnes blindr\u00f8r eller omr\u00e5der med stillest\u00e5ende vann.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-77\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Historiske pr\u00f8veresultater og utviklingen over tid.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Dersom <strong>30 % eller flere av pr\u00f8vene i en pr\u00f8veserie er positive for Legionella<\/strong>, regnes anlegget normalt som legionellainfisert. Dette indikerer at bakterien er etablert i vannsystemet og at n\u00e6rmere unders\u00f8kelser og eventuelle tiltak b\u00f8r vurderes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">N\u00e5r f\u00e6rre enn 30 % av pr\u00f8vene er positive, m\u00e5 resultatene vurderes n\u00e6rmere. Da er det viktig \u00e5 se b\u00e5de p\u00e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Antall positive pr\u00f8ver<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Konsentrasjonen av Legionella i de enkelte pr\u00f8vene<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Vanntemperaturer i systemet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Teknisk utforming av anlegget<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Sirkulasjon og gjennomstr\u00f8mning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Forekomst av blindr\u00f8r eller omr\u00e5der med stillest\u00e5ende vann<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86\" style=\"font-size:15px\">Drift- og vedlikeholdsrutiner<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">En helhetlig vurdering av analyseresultatene og de tekniske forholdene i anlegget gir det beste grunnlaget for \u00e5 avgj\u00f8re om det er behov for oppf\u00f8lgingstiltak, \u00f8kt pr\u00f8vetaking eller utbedringer i vannsystemet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\">Et enkelt positivt pr\u00f8veresultat betyr ikke n\u00f8dvendigvis at hele anlegget er infisert, men det b\u00f8r alltid vurderes i sammenheng med \u00f8vrige pr\u00f8veresultater og risikoforhold i anlegget.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Korrigerende tiltak<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-90 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Dersom Legionella p\u00e5vises, kan aktuelle tiltak v\u00e6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"font-size:15px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91\">\n<li>Gjennomspyling av vannsystemet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rengj\u00f8ring av dusjhoder, dusjslanger og andre tappesteder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Termisk desinfeksjon.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kjemisk desinfeksjon ved behov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kontroll og optimalisering av temperaturer i varmt- og kaldtvannssystemet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kartlegging og eventuell fjerning av blindr\u00f8r eller andre omr\u00e5der med liten gjennomstr\u00f8mning.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Valg av tiltak b\u00f8r alltid baseres p\u00e5 risikovurderingen og anleggets utforming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93\"><strong>Oppf\u00f8lgingspr\u00f8ver<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Etter at tiltak er gjennomf\u00f8rt anbefales det \u00e5 ta nye pr\u00f8ver for \u00e5 kontrollere effekten av tiltakene. Oppf\u00f8lgende pr\u00f8vetaking er viktig for \u00e5 dokumentere at vannsystemet igjen er under kontroll og at risikoen for videre legionellavekst er redusert.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Hva er forskjellen p\u00e5 pre-flush og post-flush pr\u00f8ver?<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Ved legionellakartlegging benyttes ofte b\u00e5de <strong>pre-flush<\/strong> og <strong>post-flush<\/strong> pr\u00f8ver. Ved \u00e5 sammenligne resultatene kan man lettere avgj\u00f8re om eventuell legionellavekst er begrenset til et tappested eller om den finnes i st\u00f8rre deler av vannsystemet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pre-flush (f\u00f8r gjennomspyling)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Pre-flush-pr\u00f8ver tas fra stillest\u00e5ende vann uten at vannet f\u00e5r renne p\u00e5 forh\u00e5nd. Pr\u00f8ven representerer vannet som befinner seg i dusjhode, slange og n\u00e6rmeste r\u00f8rstrekk ved tappestedet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Pre-flush-pr\u00f8ver kan gi informasjon om:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"font-size:15px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99\">\n<li>Om selve tappestedet er forurenset med Legionella.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Om det finnes biofilm eller bakterievekst i dusjhoder og slanger.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lokale forhold ved pr\u00f8vetakingspunktet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u00e5de lokal og systematisk vekst dersom tappestedet brukes regelmessig.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">V\u00e6r oppmerksom p\u00e5 at mye biofilm ved tappestedet kan gi forh\u00f8yede kimtall uten at dette n\u00f8dvendigvis gjenspeiler forholdene i resten av vannsystemet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Post-flush (etter gjennomspyling)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Post-flush-pr\u00f8ver tas etter at vannet har f\u00e5tt renne og temperaturen har stabilisert seg. Denne pr\u00f8ven er mer representativ for de sentrale delene av vannsystemet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Post-flush-pr\u00f8ver brukes blant annet til \u00e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"font-size:15px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103\">\n<li>Vurdere forekomst av Legionella i ledningsnettet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kartlegge den generelle hygieniske tilstanden i vannsystemet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Identifisere eventuell legionellavekst i varmtvannsberedere, sirkulasjonsledninger og andre sentrale deler av anlegget.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hvordan tolke resultatene?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"font-size:15px\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>Pre-flush<\/th><th>Post-flush<\/th><th>Tolkning<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>Positiv<\/td><td>Ikke tatt<\/td><td>Det anbefales \u00e5 ta nye pr\u00f8ver med b\u00e5de pre-flush og post-flush for \u00e5 avgj\u00f8re om forurensningen er lokal eller finnes i resten av systemet.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Positiv<\/td><td>Negativ<\/td><td>Tyder p\u00e5 at veksten kan v\u00e6re begrenset til tappestedet. Dusjhode og slange b\u00f8r rengj\u00f8res eller desinfiseres, etterfulgt av ny pr\u00f8vetaking.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Negativ<\/td><td>Positiv<\/td><td>Indikerer at Legionella sannsynligvis finnes i det sentrale vannsystemet. Systemet b\u00f8r kartlegges for mulige vekstomr\u00e5der.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Positiv<\/td><td>Positiv<\/td><td>Tyder p\u00e5 at Legionella er etablert i deler av vannsystemet. Videre kartlegging og risikovurdering anbefales.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Viktig:<\/strong> Resultatene b\u00f8r alltid vurderes sammen med temperaturm\u00e5linger, anleggets utforming, historiske pr\u00f8veresultater og \u00f8vrige risikofaktorer. En kombinasjon av pre-flush- og post-flush-pr\u00f8ver gir ofte det beste grunnlaget for \u00e5 identifisere hvor i vannsystemet Legionella vokser.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details has-ast-global-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><summary><strong>Kilder og referanser<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Informasjonen p\u00e5 denne siden er basert p\u00e5 gjeldende veiledninger og anbefalinger fra norske myndigheter og fagmilj\u00f8er:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-108\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fhi.no\/sm\/smittevernhandboka\/sykdommer-a-a\/legionellose\/\"><strong>Folkehelseinstituttet (FHI)<\/strong> \u2013 informasjon om Legionella og legionellose <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-109\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/lovdata.no\/dokument\/SF\/forskrift\/2003-04-25-486\">Forskrift om milj\u00f8rettet helsevern<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-ast-global-color-2-color has-text-color has-link-color has-small-font-size wp-elements-110\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.helsedirektoratet.no\/veiledere\/legionella\">Helsedirektoratet &#8211; Legionellaveiledere<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" src=\"https:\/\/asinorge.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/professional-researcher-lab-1-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-597\" srcset=\"https:\/\/asinorge.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/professional-researcher-lab-1-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/asinorge.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/professional-researcher-lab-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/asinorge.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/professional-researcher-lab-1-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/asinorge.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/professional-researcher-lab-1-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/asinorge.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/professional-researcher-lab-1-2048x1363.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/asinorge.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/professional-researcher-lab-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:361px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"background-color: #ccc;","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"disabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1447","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>OFTE STILTE SP\u00d8RSM\u00c5L - LEGIONELLA - Alex Stewart International Norge AS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Finn svar p\u00e5 vanlige sp\u00f8rsm\u00e5l om drikkevann, br\u00f8nnvann, vannpr\u00f8ver og vannkvalitet. 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